05-27-2009, 11:24 PM
5th C. Western Roman History Timeline (work in slow progress)
• 401: Fourth century AD starts (according to historians, erroneously calculated by Dionysius Exiguus in what became AD 525). King Radagaisus/Vandals invade Noricum & Raetia. Theodosius II born.
• 402: Vandal Auxiliary general Flavius Stilicho defeats Alaric/Visigoths at Pollentia.
• 403: Stilicho defeats Alaric/Visigoth army in Battle of Verona, forces Alaric to retire. Honorius moves Western capital to Ravenna.
• 405: Stilicho repels Radagaisus/barbarian invasion of Italy. Martyrdom of the Monk Telemachus martyred, stoned to death trying to stop an arena event. Honorius closes the coliseum, officially ends gladiatorial combat in Rome.
• 406: Vandals invade Gaul.
• 407: Legio II Augusta, last legion in Britain, withdraws; Rome abandons province.
• 408: Honorius murders Stilicho. Eastern emperor Arcadius dies, replaced by Theodosius II, age 7.
• 409: Vandals, Suevi & Alans invade Spain, remove it from Roman control. Alaric, after besieging Rome, declares Attalus as emperor.
• 410: Alaric sacks Rome, the first external capture of Rome in about 800 years, deposes Attalus. Alaric dies afterwards. Athaulf becomes new Visigoth king.
• 412–413: Constantius III drives Alaric and the Visigoths from Italy into Gaul.
• 413: Revolt of Heraclius in Africa put down.
• 417: Visigoths settle in Aquitania, Gaul.
• 419: Valentinian III born.
• 420: Ostrogoths settle in Pannonia. St. Jerome dies.
• 421: Constantius III dies.
• 423: Honorius dies. Young Valentinian III becomes Emperor, his mother Placidia is regent.
• 427: Boniface revolts in Africa.
• 429: Invited by Boniface, the Vandals in Spain, under Geiseric invade and conquer Mauretania, then Africa.
• 430: St. Augustine of Hippo dies.
• 430s: Roman general Flavius Aetius campaigns against Visigoths, Burgundians & Franks in Gaul, re-establishes some Roman control.
• 434: Attila becomes King of the Huns.
• 435: King Theodoric I/Visigoths besiege Romans at Narbonne but are defeated by Aetius.
• 436: Aetius defeats Burgundians.
• 438: Theodosius II clarifies Roman law.
• 439: Geiseric/Vandals take Carthage.
• 440: Geiseric/Vandals invade Sicily, bribed to leave.
• 441: Attila/Huns invade Thracia.
• 442: Saxons take Britain, despite pleas for help to Aetius.
• 443: Attila comes to terms with Theodosius II/Eastern Roman Empire, moves focus to the west.
• 447: Attila/Huns invade Moesia.
• 450: Justin I, future Byzantine emperor, born in Illyria. Marcian succeeds Theodosius II, stops paying tribute to Huns.
• 451: Attila/Huns invade/devastate Gaul. Aetius & Theodoric I (Visigoth) defeat Huns, though Theodoric is killed & replaced by Theodoric II.
• 452: Attila/Huns invade Italy. Attila decides to spare Rome & retires.
• 453: Attila dies.
• 454: Hunnic Empire collapses with revolts, internal power struggles & enemy attacks. With Hun threat gone, Valentinian III fears Aetius’ power, murders him. Alemmani invade across the Danube. Aetius supporters murder Valentinian III. Maximus becomes emperor. Geiseric/Vandals, at Valentinian III's widow Eudoxia’s request, invade/sack Rome from Africa. He takes Eudoxia & her daughters, leaving power vacuum in west. Visigoths proclaim Avitus, Aetius’ former general, as western emperor.
• 456: 'Master of Soldiers' Ricimer launches fleet against Vandals’ widescale naval attacks.
• 457: Majorian proclaimed western emperor, recognized by eastern emperor Leo I, who previously replaced Marcian.
• 460: Vandals destroy Majorian's fleet off Cartagena.
• 461: Majorian dies. Libius Severus emperor. 463: Roman general Aegidius prevents Goths from crossing Loire River. 465: Libius Severus dies. Ricimer rules as Patrician under eastern emperor Leo I. 466: King Euric/Visigoths begin conquest of Spain. 467: Eastern Emperor Leo I appoints Roman general Anthemius as western emperor.
• 468: Leo I sends Basiliscus to crush Geiseric/Vandals in Africa, but his army is destroyed.
• 472: Ricimer deposes Anthemius, installs Olybrius as western emperor; both soon fall ill & die.
• 473: Ricimer installs Glycerius as western emperor.
• 474: Leo I dies, replaced by infant grandson Leo II, who dies soon afterwards. Zeno becomes eastern emperor. Julius Nepos becomes puppet western emperor with eastern support.
• 475: Romulus Augustus, son of Hunnic general Orestes installed as 'last Roman Emperor'. Julius Nepos flees to Dalmatia.
• 476: Germanic general Odoacer, commander of troops in Italy, proclaimed King of Italy. He deposes Romulus, offers to rule as King in eastern emperor Zeno’s name. Zeno keeps Julius Nepos as western emperor, Odoacer agrees, but Nepos never returns to Rome. Odoacer issues coins, conducts administration affairs in Nepos’ name until 480. Although technically the last western emperor, Nepos only rules Dalmatia, has no power in the rest of the west.
• 480: Julius Nepos dies in exile in Dalmatia.
• 486: Sygerius escapes to ____ and seeks help, is imprisoned & turned over to ___, then executed. Franks take Romano-Gallic rump state “Kingdom” of Soisson.
• 500: Fifth century AD ends (according to historians, erroneously calculated by Dionysius Exiguus in what became AD 525).
• 401: Fourth century AD starts (according to historians, erroneously calculated by Dionysius Exiguus in what became AD 525). King Radagaisus/Vandals invade Noricum & Raetia. Theodosius II born.
• 402: Vandal Auxiliary general Flavius Stilicho defeats Alaric/Visigoths at Pollentia.
• 403: Stilicho defeats Alaric/Visigoth army in Battle of Verona, forces Alaric to retire. Honorius moves Western capital to Ravenna.
• 405: Stilicho repels Radagaisus/barbarian invasion of Italy. Martyrdom of the Monk Telemachus martyred, stoned to death trying to stop an arena event. Honorius closes the coliseum, officially ends gladiatorial combat in Rome.
• 406: Vandals invade Gaul.
• 407: Legio II Augusta, last legion in Britain, withdraws; Rome abandons province.
• 408: Honorius murders Stilicho. Eastern emperor Arcadius dies, replaced by Theodosius II, age 7.
• 409: Vandals, Suevi & Alans invade Spain, remove it from Roman control. Alaric, after besieging Rome, declares Attalus as emperor.
• 410: Alaric sacks Rome, the first external capture of Rome in about 800 years, deposes Attalus. Alaric dies afterwards. Athaulf becomes new Visigoth king.
• 412–413: Constantius III drives Alaric and the Visigoths from Italy into Gaul.
• 413: Revolt of Heraclius in Africa put down.
• 417: Visigoths settle in Aquitania, Gaul.
• 419: Valentinian III born.
• 420: Ostrogoths settle in Pannonia. St. Jerome dies.
• 421: Constantius III dies.
• 423: Honorius dies. Young Valentinian III becomes Emperor, his mother Placidia is regent.
• 427: Boniface revolts in Africa.
• 429: Invited by Boniface, the Vandals in Spain, under Geiseric invade and conquer Mauretania, then Africa.
• 430: St. Augustine of Hippo dies.
• 430s: Roman general Flavius Aetius campaigns against Visigoths, Burgundians & Franks in Gaul, re-establishes some Roman control.
• 434: Attila becomes King of the Huns.
• 435: King Theodoric I/Visigoths besiege Romans at Narbonne but are defeated by Aetius.
• 436: Aetius defeats Burgundians.
• 438: Theodosius II clarifies Roman law.
• 439: Geiseric/Vandals take Carthage.
• 440: Geiseric/Vandals invade Sicily, bribed to leave.
• 441: Attila/Huns invade Thracia.
• 442: Saxons take Britain, despite pleas for help to Aetius.
• 443: Attila comes to terms with Theodosius II/Eastern Roman Empire, moves focus to the west.
• 447: Attila/Huns invade Moesia.
• 450: Justin I, future Byzantine emperor, born in Illyria. Marcian succeeds Theodosius II, stops paying tribute to Huns.
• 451: Attila/Huns invade/devastate Gaul. Aetius & Theodoric I (Visigoth) defeat Huns, though Theodoric is killed & replaced by Theodoric II.
• 452: Attila/Huns invade Italy. Attila decides to spare Rome & retires.
• 453: Attila dies.
• 454: Hunnic Empire collapses with revolts, internal power struggles & enemy attacks. With Hun threat gone, Valentinian III fears Aetius’ power, murders him. Alemmani invade across the Danube. Aetius supporters murder Valentinian III. Maximus becomes emperor. Geiseric/Vandals, at Valentinian III's widow Eudoxia’s request, invade/sack Rome from Africa. He takes Eudoxia & her daughters, leaving power vacuum in west. Visigoths proclaim Avitus, Aetius’ former general, as western emperor.
• 456: 'Master of Soldiers' Ricimer launches fleet against Vandals’ widescale naval attacks.
• 457: Majorian proclaimed western emperor, recognized by eastern emperor Leo I, who previously replaced Marcian.
• 460: Vandals destroy Majorian's fleet off Cartagena.
• 461: Majorian dies. Libius Severus emperor. 463: Roman general Aegidius prevents Goths from crossing Loire River. 465: Libius Severus dies. Ricimer rules as Patrician under eastern emperor Leo I. 466: King Euric/Visigoths begin conquest of Spain. 467: Eastern Emperor Leo I appoints Roman general Anthemius as western emperor.
• 468: Leo I sends Basiliscus to crush Geiseric/Vandals in Africa, but his army is destroyed.
• 472: Ricimer deposes Anthemius, installs Olybrius as western emperor; both soon fall ill & die.
• 473: Ricimer installs Glycerius as western emperor.
• 474: Leo I dies, replaced by infant grandson Leo II, who dies soon afterwards. Zeno becomes eastern emperor. Julius Nepos becomes puppet western emperor with eastern support.
• 475: Romulus Augustus, son of Hunnic general Orestes installed as 'last Roman Emperor'. Julius Nepos flees to Dalmatia.
• 476: Germanic general Odoacer, commander of troops in Italy, proclaimed King of Italy. He deposes Romulus, offers to rule as King in eastern emperor Zeno’s name. Zeno keeps Julius Nepos as western emperor, Odoacer agrees, but Nepos never returns to Rome. Odoacer issues coins, conducts administration affairs in Nepos’ name until 480. Although technically the last western emperor, Nepos only rules Dalmatia, has no power in the rest of the west.
• 480: Julius Nepos dies in exile in Dalmatia.
• 486: Sygerius escapes to ____ and seeks help, is imprisoned & turned over to ___, then executed. Franks take Romano-Gallic rump state “Kingdom” of Soisson.
• 500: Fifth century AD ends (according to historians, erroneously calculated by Dionysius Exiguus in what became AD 525).
AMDG
Wm. / *r
Wm. / *r
