05-27-2009, 11:22 PM
5th C. Western Roman, Allied & Enemy Characters List (work in slow progress)
Western Romans
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:5 ... ian_saints
• St. Jerome of Stridon (c. 340/347 Stridon, Dalmatia-Pannonia border–420 near Bethlehem, Judea): priest, ascetic, apologist; translated Latin Bible "Vulgate" 382–405
• St. Augustine of Hippo (354 Thagaste, Numidia–430 Hippo Regius, Numidia): philosopher, theologian, priest, bishop of Hippo Regius, wrote “Confessions” and “City of God”
• St. John Cassian (c. 360 Dobruja, Romania–435 Marseille, France): mystic, theologian, writer, "Desert Fathers." Palestine, Egypt, Constantinople c. 399, Rome 404, Antioch? 404–415, Marseille 415-435; founded monastic complex in Marseille for men and women 415, among first such institutes in west, a model for later monasteries; wrote "Institutes" and "Conferences,” made monasticism more accepted in the west, influenced St. Benedict and many afterwards.
• St. Germanus of Auxerre (c. 378–448): lawyer, provincial governor; bishop of Auxerre, visited Britain c. 429 with St. Lupus of Troyes to end Pelagianism there
• St. Lupus of Troyes (c. 383 Toul–c. 478 Troyes): bishop of Troyes c. 426, visited Britain c. 429 with St. Germanus of Auxerre to end Pelagianism there
• St. Patrick (c. 387 Britain–492/3): captured slave, mission to Ulster and Connacht, Ireland, patron saint of Ireland
• St. Palladius (408/431–c. 457/461): priest c. 415, first bishop of Ireland, mission to Leinster, Ireland
• St. Brigid of Kildare (or Brigid of Ireland) (c. 451 Faughart near Dundalk, County Louth, Ireland–c. 525 near Kildare, Ireland): nun 468, abbess c. 470, founded several convents
• St. Apollinaris of Valence (c. 453 Vienne, France–c. 520): priest, bishop of Valence, France c. 486–c. 520
• St. Benedict of Nursia (c. 480 Norcia, Umbria, Italy–c. 547 Monte Cassino, Italy): twin brother of St. Scholastica, monk, founded 12 monasteries, wrote basis for "Rule of Saint Benedict"
• St. Scholastica (c. 480–547): twin sister of St. Benedict of Nursia, nun, abbess
• St. Severinus of Noricum (c. 410 southern Italy or north Africa–482 Favianae, Noricum): known as “Apostle to Noricum;” fed the starving, redeemed captives, founded refugee centers and monasteries
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:5 ... rchbishops
• Pope St. Anastasius I (???–401): pope 399–401
• Pope St. Innocent I (???–417): pope 401–417
• Pope St. Zosimus (???–418): pope 417–418
• Pope St. Boniface I (???–422): pope 418–422
• Pope St. Celestine I (??? Rome, Italy–432 Rome, Italy): pope 422–432
• Pope St. Sixtus III (???–440 Rome, Italy): pope 432–440
• Pope Leo I (or Pope St. Leo the Great) (c. 400 Tuscany, Italy–461 Rome, Italy), pope 440–461; met Attila the Hun outside Rome, persuaded him to turn back 452
• Pope St. Hilarius (??? Sardinia, Italy–468 Rome, Italy): pope 461–468
• Pope St. Simplicius (??? Tivoli, Italy–483): pope 468–483, helped barbarian raid victims in Italy, managed Rome administration, maintained Rome’s authority in the West
• Pope St. Felix III (??? Rome, Italy–492 Rome, Italy): pope 483–492
• Pope St. Gelasius I (??? Roman Africa or Rome, Italy–496 Rome, Italy): pope 492–496
• Pope Anastasius II (???–498 Rome, Italy): pope 496–498
• Pope St. Symmachus (??? Sardinia, Italy–514): pope 498–514
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:5 ... ry_bishops
• Bishop Sidonius Apollinaris (c. 430 Lyons, France–c. 489): poet, diplomat, Urban Prefect of Rome 467/8–470, Patrician and Senator 470/2?; Bishop of Auvergne (Clermont, now Clermont-Ferrand) 470/2?–480
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:5 ... Christians
• Prudentius (Aurelius Prudentius Clemens; c. 348 Tarraconensis (n. Spain)–c. 413 Spain?): lawyer, twice provincial governor, courtier of Theodosius I; then ascetic, Christian poet, wrote "Psychomachia."
• Pelagius (c. 354 Britain?–c. 420/440 Palestine?): ascetic; denied original sin doctrine
• Sulpicius Severus (c. 363 Aquitania–c. 425): lawyer; Christian historian, protégé of St. Martin of Tours
• Vigilantius (c. 370 Aquitania–after 403): presbyter, opposed veneration of saints & relics
• Paulus Orosius (c. 375 Galicia–418? north Africa?): Christian historian, theologian, priest, protégé of St. Augustine
• Salvian (or Salvianus) (c. 400/405–4):
• Dionysius Exiguus (c. 470 Dobruja, Romania–c. 544): monk, inventor of the Anno Domini era c. 525 AD
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:5 ... ury_people
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:5 ... ury_Romans
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:L ... in_writers
• Vegetius (Publius Flavius Vegetius Renatus; c. 360–c. 400): wrote "Epitoma rei militaris," aka "De Re Militari" (edited, finalized by c. 450)
• Boethius (c. 480–524/525): consul 510, magister officiorum for Theodoric the Great 520–523, philosopher, wrote "Consolation of Philosophy;" accused of treason, imprisoned, executed.
• Cassiodorus (or Flavius Magnus Aurelius Cassiodorus Senator) (c. 485 Scylletium [Squillace], near Catanzaro, southern Italy–c. 585): quaestor c. 507–511, consul 514, Magister Officiorum for Theodoric the Great and 523–536/7; writer, monk c. 540, founded Vivarium monastery in southern Italy, librarian
• Macrobius (Ambrosius Theodosius Macrobius; 04c Africa–05c): grammarian, Neoplatonist philosopher
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:5 ... ury_rulers
• Emperor Honorius (Flavius Honorius; 384–423): ruled 393–423
• Emperor Constantius III (Flavius Constantius; ??? Naissus (Niš, Serbia)–421): co-ruled 421
• Emperor Valentinian III (Flavius Placidus Valentinianus; 419 Ravenna Italy–455): ruled 425–455
• Emperor Petronius Maximus (Flavius Petronius Maximus; c. 396–455): ruled only 2.5 months 455
• Emperor Avitus (Eparchius Avitus; c. 395–456/457): ruled 455–456
• Emperor Majorian (Flavius Iulius Valerius Maiorianus; 420–461): ruled 457–461
• Emperor Libius Severus (Flavius Libius Severus Serpentius; ??? Lucania–465): ruled 461–465
• Emperor Anthemius (Procopius Anthemius; c. 420 Constantinople–472): ruled 467–472, backed by Leo I, later opposed by Ricimer, murdered/executed by Gundobad.
• Emperor Olybrius (Anicius Olybrius; c. 430 Rome, Italy–472): unwillingly made emperor by Ricimer; ruled 472–472, died from hydropsy (natural cause)
• Emperor/Usurper Glycerius (c. 420–after 480): Comes domesticorum; made emperor by Gundobad; ruled 473–474, opposed by Leo I; surrendered to Julius Nepos, resigned title, made bishop of Salona (or Milan?)
• Emperor Julius Nepos (c. 430–480 Dalmatia): ruled from Italy 474–475; opposed by Flavius Orestes, fled to Dalmatia without fight 475; ruled Dalmatia and Gaul from Dalmatia 475–480; assassinated 480.
• Emperor/Usurper Romulus Augustus (aka Romulus Augustulus [Little Augustus]; c. 461/3–475 or 5??): son of Flavius Orestes, who made him emperor; ruled Italy 475–476; abdicated to Odoacer 476; exiled to Naples, Italy (or executed?).
• Empress Galla Placidia (c. 390–450):
• Empress Licinia Eudoxia (422–462):
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:5 ... n_usurpers
• Usurper Marcus (???–407): ruled Britain 406–407
• Usurper Gratian (???–407): ruled Britain 407, killed by troops
• Usurper Constantine III (Flavius Claudius Constantinus; 3??–411): ruled Britain & Gaul 407–411, against Honorius
• Usurper Jovinus (??? Gaul–413 Narbonne): ruled Gaul 411–412, co-ruled Gaul with Sebastianus 412–413
• Usurper Sebastianus (???–413): co-ruled Gaul with Jovinus 412–413
• Usurper Priscus Attalus (???–after 416): ruled Rome 409, southern Gaul 414
• Usurper Joannes (3??–425 Aquileia): primicerius notariorum; ruled 423–425, against Valentinian III.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Magistri_militum
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Roman_patricians
• General Stilcho (Flavius Stilicho; c. 359–408):
• Comes Bonifacius (Count Boniface; ???–432): governor Diocese of Africa, magister militum praesentalis, patrician; sometimes called "Last of the Romans;" invited, sent Vandals to Africa; lost Africa to Vandals; won Battle of Rimini (aka Battle of Ravenna) against Flavius Aëtius 432, but mortally wounded, died several months later, making Aëtius de facto ruler of Western Empire.
• General Flavius Aëtius (c. 396–454): general, dux, patrician; with mostly germanic army, won Battle of the Catalaunian Plains (or Chalons) against Attila/Huns 451.
• General Aegidius (???–464/465 Loire, France): Magister Militum of Gaul under Aëtius c. 450s–464; rebelled, created/ruled Western Roman rump state of Domain of Soissons 457–464; died by poison or ambush?
• Comes Paulus (???–464/465): succeeded Aeidius, ruled Domain of Soissons 464; killed by Childeric I/Salian Franks.
• Dux Syagrius (430–486/487): son of Aegidius; last Magister Militum of Gaul, ruled Domain of Soissons 464–486; lost Battle of Soissons against Clovis I/united Franks 486; sought refuge with Alaric II/Visigoths; imprisoned by Alaric II under Clovis I war threat; sent to Clovis I/Franks, secretly executed/murdered (stabbing?) 486/487.
• General Ricimer (c. 405–472): Suebian, Arian; fought under Flavius Aëtius; patrician by Leo I; de facto ruler of Western Empire, set up and ruled through series of four figurehead emperors 457-472; died of malignant fever.
• General Flavius Orestes (4?? Pannonia Savia–476 Piacenza, Italy): aristocrat, probably part Germanic; secretary (notarius) in Attila's court 449 and 452, twice Attila's envoy to Valentinian III in Constantinople 449; appointed magister militum and patrician 475–476 by Julius Nepos; took government control 475; not recognized by rival Eastern Emperors Zeno and Basiliscus; made his son Romulus Augustus Emperor 475; executed by Odoacer 476.
Eastern Romans
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:5 ... ine_people
• Emperor Arcadius (377/378 Spain–408): first son of Theodosius I, brother of Honorius; ruled 395–408, dominated by praetorian prefect Rufinus 395; dominated by advisor, eunuch Eutropius, and by wife Aelia Eudoxia 395–404, dominated by praetorian prefect Anthemius 404–408.
• Emperor Flavius Theodosius (Theodosius II; 401–450): ruled 408–450; dominated by praetorian prefect Anthemius until dismissed 413, then by oldest sister Pulcheria; Anthemius supervised building Constantinople Theodosian Walls 408-413; created University of Constantinople 425 (world's first university?); commissioned Roman law compilation (years 313 to 437) "Codex Theodosianus" 429–438; died from riding accident 450.
• Emperor Flavius Marcianus (Marcian; 396 Thrace or Illyria–457): soldier, fought Persians, Vandals; captured near Hippo Regius; released on oath to King Geiseric to never fight against Vandals; Captain of the Guards, Tribune, Senator; ruled 450–457; ended tribute payments to Attila/Huns, who became the West’s problem in Gaul and Italy (knowing they could not capture Constantinople); made economic and financial reforms, Eastern Empire recovered from impoverishing Hun attacks; Council of Chalcedon 451; repelled attacks on Syria, Egypt 452; quelled Armenian frontier disturbances 456; did not overtly aid Western Roman Empire with Hun and Vandal attacks; died of disease, possibly gangrene from long religious journey.
• Emperor Flavius Valerius Leo (Leo I or Leo the Thracian; 401–474): Comes; last emperor magister militum Aspar the Alan enthroned, thinking Leo would be easy puppet ruler; ruled 457–474; known as Magnus Thrax (Great Thracian) by supporters, and Leo the Butcher by enemies; oversaw many political and military plans, mostly to aid Western Empire and recover former territories; East Goths and Huns repeatedly attack Balkans.
• Emperor Flavius Leo Iunior (Leo II; 467–474): son of Zeno and Ariadne (Leo I's daughter); ruled January–November 474, with father Zeno as colleague; died of unknown disease 474; rumored maybe poisoned by mother Ariadne for husband Zeno to become Emperor.
• Emperor Flavius Zeno (originally Tarasicodissa or Trascalissaeus; ca. 425 Isauria–491 Constantinople): magister militum; ruled 474–475 and 476–491.
• Emperor Flavius Basiliscus (???–476/477 Cappadocia): Miaphysite; led failed invasion of Vandal Africa 468; ruled 475–476, took power after Emperor Zeno fled Constantinople revolt; supported Miaphysite christology, opposed widely accepted Chalcedonian christology; appointed loyal men to key positions, antagonized many important figures in imperial court; Zeno returned almost unopposed, captured and killed Basiliscus and his family 476/477.
• Flavius Anastasius (or Anastasius I; c. 430 Dyrrhachium–518 Constantinople): Miaphysite; palace official (silentiarius); made Emperor 491 by Zeno's widow Ariadne, who married him soon afterwards; ruled 491–518; won Isaurian War 492-496 against supporters of Longinus of Cardala, Zeno's brother; coinage reform 498; impasse in Sassanid War with Persians 502-505; Slavs and Bulgarians invaded Balkans.
• Empress Aelia Eudoxia (c. 380–404):
• Empress Aelia Pulcheria (399–453):
• Empress Eudocia Augusta (c. 401–460):
Alans (or Alani) (Iranian nomadic tribe)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alans
Alamanni: (West Germanic tribal alliance)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alamanni
Burgundians: (East Germanic tribe)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burgundians
• Gjúki (also Gebicca, Gifica, Gibica, Gebicar, Gibicho, or Gippich) (3??– 406/7): king of the Burgundians (3??– 406/7)
• Gundomar I (also Gundimar, Godomar, or Godemar) ():king of Burgundy 406/7–411
• Giselher (??? –before 436): king of Burgundy 411–???
• Gunther (??? –437?): semi-legendary king of Burgundy ??? –437?
• Gondioc (???-473): king of Burgundy 437?–473
• Gundobad (???–516 peaceful): Patrician of Western Empire 472-473, king of the Burgundians 473-516; died peacefully
Franks: (West Germanic tribal confederation)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franks
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ripuarian_Franks
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salian_Franks
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Frankish_bishops
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Frankish_kings
• Chlodio (395-448): Merovingian king of Salian Franks 428–448; defeated at Vicus Helena by Flavius Aëtius/Romans and allies
• Merovech (Merovius; ???-4??): legendary Merovingian king of Salian Franks 448–457/458?
• Childeric I (c. 440–c. 481): Merovingian king of Salian Franks 457/458–c. 481
• Clovis I (c. 466–511) King of united Franks c. 481–511, converted Franks to Catholicism
Gallo-Romans
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gallo-Roman_culture
Gepids (East Germanic Gothic tribe)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gepids
Heruli: (Germanic nomads)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heruli
• Odoacer (or Odovacar; 435–493 Ravenna, Italy): Scirian-Germanic, Arian; foederati band leader 470, magister militum and patrician 475; executed Flavius Orestes, forced Romulus Augustus to abdicate 476; proclaimed "King of Italy" by Germanic foederati (Scirians and Heruli) and much of Italic Roman army 476; renounced meaningless Emperor title; ruled Kingdom of Italy 476–493; retained Roman administration, senate, law and tax system of Italy; took Sicily from Vandals 476–477, Dalmatia from Julius Nepos by 480; fought Zeno backed Theodoric/Ostrogoths 488–493; signed treaty with Theodoric to share rule of Italy 493; in treaty banquet, after making toast, Theodoric killed Odoacer with his own hands.
Huns
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huns
Lombards (Langobardi):
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Langobards
Ostrogoths: (Goth [East Germanic tribe] branch)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ostrogoths
• Videmir (???–???): Amal king of the Ostrogoths (???–???)
• Theodemir (???–454?): Arian, Amal king of the Ostrogoths (???–454?)
• Theodoric the Great (454–526): Arian, Amal king of the Ostrogoths 471-526, consul 484, ruled Italy 493–526, regent of the Visigoths 511–526
Romano-British
• Riothamus (???–???): Romano-British military leader, active c. 470, maybe “Ambrosius Aurelianus,” possible "King Arthur"
• Ambrosius Aurelianus (???–???): ruled 479–???, maybe “Riothamus,” possible "King Arthur"
Suebi: (Germanic people)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suebi
Vandals: (East Germanic tribe)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vandals
• Godigisel (359–406): King of the Hasdingi Vandals
• Gunderic (379–428): King of the Hasdingi-Silingi Vandals and Alans 407-428
• Genseric (or Gaiseric, Geiseric) (c. 389 Lake Balaton, Hungary– 477 Carthage, Tunisia): King of the Vandals and Alans 428–477
• Huneric (or Honeric) (???–484): King of the Vandals and Alans 477–484
• Gunthamund (c. 450–496): King of the Vandals and Alans 484–496
• Thrasamund (450–523), King of the Vandals and Alans 496–523
Visigoths: (Goth [East Germanic tribe] branch)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visigoths
• Alaric I (c. 370 Peuce island, Danube mouth, Dobruja, Romania–410 illness Cosenza, Calabria): King of the Visigoths 395–410, sacked Rome 410
• Ataulf (???–415 murdered Barcelona, Spain): King of the Visigoths 410–415
• Sigeric (???–415 murdered Barcelona, Spain): King of the Visigoths (only seven days) 415
• Wallia (or Valia) (???–418): King of the Visigoths 415–418
• Theodoric I (???–451 Battle of Chalons, Troyes, France): King of the Visigoths 418–451
• Thorismund (or Torismond) (???–453 murdered): King of the Visigoths 451–453
• Theodoric II (???–466 murdered): King of the Visigoths 453–466
• Euric (c. 415–484): King of the Visigoths 466–484
• Alaric II (???–507 Battle of Vouillé, Poitiers, France): King of the Visigoths 484–507
Western Romans
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:5 ... ian_saints
• St. Jerome of Stridon (c. 340/347 Stridon, Dalmatia-Pannonia border–420 near Bethlehem, Judea): priest, ascetic, apologist; translated Latin Bible "Vulgate" 382–405
• St. Augustine of Hippo (354 Thagaste, Numidia–430 Hippo Regius, Numidia): philosopher, theologian, priest, bishop of Hippo Regius, wrote “Confessions” and “City of God”
• St. John Cassian (c. 360 Dobruja, Romania–435 Marseille, France): mystic, theologian, writer, "Desert Fathers." Palestine, Egypt, Constantinople c. 399, Rome 404, Antioch? 404–415, Marseille 415-435; founded monastic complex in Marseille for men and women 415, among first such institutes in west, a model for later monasteries; wrote "Institutes" and "Conferences,” made monasticism more accepted in the west, influenced St. Benedict and many afterwards.
• St. Germanus of Auxerre (c. 378–448): lawyer, provincial governor; bishop of Auxerre, visited Britain c. 429 with St. Lupus of Troyes to end Pelagianism there
• St. Lupus of Troyes (c. 383 Toul–c. 478 Troyes): bishop of Troyes c. 426, visited Britain c. 429 with St. Germanus of Auxerre to end Pelagianism there
• St. Patrick (c. 387 Britain–492/3): captured slave, mission to Ulster and Connacht, Ireland, patron saint of Ireland
• St. Palladius (408/431–c. 457/461): priest c. 415, first bishop of Ireland, mission to Leinster, Ireland
• St. Brigid of Kildare (or Brigid of Ireland) (c. 451 Faughart near Dundalk, County Louth, Ireland–c. 525 near Kildare, Ireland): nun 468, abbess c. 470, founded several convents
• St. Apollinaris of Valence (c. 453 Vienne, France–c. 520): priest, bishop of Valence, France c. 486–c. 520
• St. Benedict of Nursia (c. 480 Norcia, Umbria, Italy–c. 547 Monte Cassino, Italy): twin brother of St. Scholastica, monk, founded 12 monasteries, wrote basis for "Rule of Saint Benedict"
• St. Scholastica (c. 480–547): twin sister of St. Benedict of Nursia, nun, abbess
• St. Severinus of Noricum (c. 410 southern Italy or north Africa–482 Favianae, Noricum): known as “Apostle to Noricum;” fed the starving, redeemed captives, founded refugee centers and monasteries
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:5 ... rchbishops
• Pope St. Anastasius I (???–401): pope 399–401
• Pope St. Innocent I (???–417): pope 401–417
• Pope St. Zosimus (???–418): pope 417–418
• Pope St. Boniface I (???–422): pope 418–422
• Pope St. Celestine I (??? Rome, Italy–432 Rome, Italy): pope 422–432
• Pope St. Sixtus III (???–440 Rome, Italy): pope 432–440
• Pope Leo I (or Pope St. Leo the Great) (c. 400 Tuscany, Italy–461 Rome, Italy), pope 440–461; met Attila the Hun outside Rome, persuaded him to turn back 452
• Pope St. Hilarius (??? Sardinia, Italy–468 Rome, Italy): pope 461–468
• Pope St. Simplicius (??? Tivoli, Italy–483): pope 468–483, helped barbarian raid victims in Italy, managed Rome administration, maintained Rome’s authority in the West
• Pope St. Felix III (??? Rome, Italy–492 Rome, Italy): pope 483–492
• Pope St. Gelasius I (??? Roman Africa or Rome, Italy–496 Rome, Italy): pope 492–496
• Pope Anastasius II (???–498 Rome, Italy): pope 496–498
• Pope St. Symmachus (??? Sardinia, Italy–514): pope 498–514
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:5 ... ry_bishops
• Bishop Sidonius Apollinaris (c. 430 Lyons, France–c. 489): poet, diplomat, Urban Prefect of Rome 467/8–470, Patrician and Senator 470/2?; Bishop of Auvergne (Clermont, now Clermont-Ferrand) 470/2?–480
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:5 ... Christians
• Prudentius (Aurelius Prudentius Clemens; c. 348 Tarraconensis (n. Spain)–c. 413 Spain?): lawyer, twice provincial governor, courtier of Theodosius I; then ascetic, Christian poet, wrote "Psychomachia."
• Pelagius (c. 354 Britain?–c. 420/440 Palestine?): ascetic; denied original sin doctrine
• Sulpicius Severus (c. 363 Aquitania–c. 425): lawyer; Christian historian, protégé of St. Martin of Tours
• Vigilantius (c. 370 Aquitania–after 403): presbyter, opposed veneration of saints & relics
• Paulus Orosius (c. 375 Galicia–418? north Africa?): Christian historian, theologian, priest, protégé of St. Augustine
• Salvian (or Salvianus) (c. 400/405–4):
• Dionysius Exiguus (c. 470 Dobruja, Romania–c. 544): monk, inventor of the Anno Domini era c. 525 AD
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:5 ... ury_people
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:5 ... ury_Romans
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:L ... in_writers
• Vegetius (Publius Flavius Vegetius Renatus; c. 360–c. 400): wrote "Epitoma rei militaris," aka "De Re Militari" (edited, finalized by c. 450)
• Boethius (c. 480–524/525): consul 510, magister officiorum for Theodoric the Great 520–523, philosopher, wrote "Consolation of Philosophy;" accused of treason, imprisoned, executed.
• Cassiodorus (or Flavius Magnus Aurelius Cassiodorus Senator) (c. 485 Scylletium [Squillace], near Catanzaro, southern Italy–c. 585): quaestor c. 507–511, consul 514, Magister Officiorum for Theodoric the Great and 523–536/7; writer, monk c. 540, founded Vivarium monastery in southern Italy, librarian
• Macrobius (Ambrosius Theodosius Macrobius; 04c Africa–05c): grammarian, Neoplatonist philosopher
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:5 ... ury_rulers
• Emperor Honorius (Flavius Honorius; 384–423): ruled 393–423
• Emperor Constantius III (Flavius Constantius; ??? Naissus (Niš, Serbia)–421): co-ruled 421
• Emperor Valentinian III (Flavius Placidus Valentinianus; 419 Ravenna Italy–455): ruled 425–455
• Emperor Petronius Maximus (Flavius Petronius Maximus; c. 396–455): ruled only 2.5 months 455
• Emperor Avitus (Eparchius Avitus; c. 395–456/457): ruled 455–456
• Emperor Majorian (Flavius Iulius Valerius Maiorianus; 420–461): ruled 457–461
• Emperor Libius Severus (Flavius Libius Severus Serpentius; ??? Lucania–465): ruled 461–465
• Emperor Anthemius (Procopius Anthemius; c. 420 Constantinople–472): ruled 467–472, backed by Leo I, later opposed by Ricimer, murdered/executed by Gundobad.
• Emperor Olybrius (Anicius Olybrius; c. 430 Rome, Italy–472): unwillingly made emperor by Ricimer; ruled 472–472, died from hydropsy (natural cause)
• Emperor/Usurper Glycerius (c. 420–after 480): Comes domesticorum; made emperor by Gundobad; ruled 473–474, opposed by Leo I; surrendered to Julius Nepos, resigned title, made bishop of Salona (or Milan?)
• Emperor Julius Nepos (c. 430–480 Dalmatia): ruled from Italy 474–475; opposed by Flavius Orestes, fled to Dalmatia without fight 475; ruled Dalmatia and Gaul from Dalmatia 475–480; assassinated 480.
• Emperor/Usurper Romulus Augustus (aka Romulus Augustulus [Little Augustus]; c. 461/3–475 or 5??): son of Flavius Orestes, who made him emperor; ruled Italy 475–476; abdicated to Odoacer 476; exiled to Naples, Italy (or executed?).
• Empress Galla Placidia (c. 390–450):
• Empress Licinia Eudoxia (422–462):
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:5 ... n_usurpers
• Usurper Marcus (???–407): ruled Britain 406–407
• Usurper Gratian (???–407): ruled Britain 407, killed by troops
• Usurper Constantine III (Flavius Claudius Constantinus; 3??–411): ruled Britain & Gaul 407–411, against Honorius
• Usurper Jovinus (??? Gaul–413 Narbonne): ruled Gaul 411–412, co-ruled Gaul with Sebastianus 412–413
• Usurper Sebastianus (???–413): co-ruled Gaul with Jovinus 412–413
• Usurper Priscus Attalus (???–after 416): ruled Rome 409, southern Gaul 414
• Usurper Joannes (3??–425 Aquileia): primicerius notariorum; ruled 423–425, against Valentinian III.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Magistri_militum
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Roman_patricians
• General Stilcho (Flavius Stilicho; c. 359–408):
• Comes Bonifacius (Count Boniface; ???–432): governor Diocese of Africa, magister militum praesentalis, patrician; sometimes called "Last of the Romans;" invited, sent Vandals to Africa; lost Africa to Vandals; won Battle of Rimini (aka Battle of Ravenna) against Flavius Aëtius 432, but mortally wounded, died several months later, making Aëtius de facto ruler of Western Empire.
• General Flavius Aëtius (c. 396–454): general, dux, patrician; with mostly germanic army, won Battle of the Catalaunian Plains (or Chalons) against Attila/Huns 451.
• General Aegidius (???–464/465 Loire, France): Magister Militum of Gaul under Aëtius c. 450s–464; rebelled, created/ruled Western Roman rump state of Domain of Soissons 457–464; died by poison or ambush?
• Comes Paulus (???–464/465): succeeded Aeidius, ruled Domain of Soissons 464; killed by Childeric I/Salian Franks.
• Dux Syagrius (430–486/487): son of Aegidius; last Magister Militum of Gaul, ruled Domain of Soissons 464–486; lost Battle of Soissons against Clovis I/united Franks 486; sought refuge with Alaric II/Visigoths; imprisoned by Alaric II under Clovis I war threat; sent to Clovis I/Franks, secretly executed/murdered (stabbing?) 486/487.
• General Ricimer (c. 405–472): Suebian, Arian; fought under Flavius Aëtius; patrician by Leo I; de facto ruler of Western Empire, set up and ruled through series of four figurehead emperors 457-472; died of malignant fever.
• General Flavius Orestes (4?? Pannonia Savia–476 Piacenza, Italy): aristocrat, probably part Germanic; secretary (notarius) in Attila's court 449 and 452, twice Attila's envoy to Valentinian III in Constantinople 449; appointed magister militum and patrician 475–476 by Julius Nepos; took government control 475; not recognized by rival Eastern Emperors Zeno and Basiliscus; made his son Romulus Augustus Emperor 475; executed by Odoacer 476.
Eastern Romans
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:5 ... ine_people
• Emperor Arcadius (377/378 Spain–408): first son of Theodosius I, brother of Honorius; ruled 395–408, dominated by praetorian prefect Rufinus 395; dominated by advisor, eunuch Eutropius, and by wife Aelia Eudoxia 395–404, dominated by praetorian prefect Anthemius 404–408.
• Emperor Flavius Theodosius (Theodosius II; 401–450): ruled 408–450; dominated by praetorian prefect Anthemius until dismissed 413, then by oldest sister Pulcheria; Anthemius supervised building Constantinople Theodosian Walls 408-413; created University of Constantinople 425 (world's first university?); commissioned Roman law compilation (years 313 to 437) "Codex Theodosianus" 429–438; died from riding accident 450.
• Emperor Flavius Marcianus (Marcian; 396 Thrace or Illyria–457): soldier, fought Persians, Vandals; captured near Hippo Regius; released on oath to King Geiseric to never fight against Vandals; Captain of the Guards, Tribune, Senator; ruled 450–457; ended tribute payments to Attila/Huns, who became the West’s problem in Gaul and Italy (knowing they could not capture Constantinople); made economic and financial reforms, Eastern Empire recovered from impoverishing Hun attacks; Council of Chalcedon 451; repelled attacks on Syria, Egypt 452; quelled Armenian frontier disturbances 456; did not overtly aid Western Roman Empire with Hun and Vandal attacks; died of disease, possibly gangrene from long religious journey.
• Emperor Flavius Valerius Leo (Leo I or Leo the Thracian; 401–474): Comes; last emperor magister militum Aspar the Alan enthroned, thinking Leo would be easy puppet ruler; ruled 457–474; known as Magnus Thrax (Great Thracian) by supporters, and Leo the Butcher by enemies; oversaw many political and military plans, mostly to aid Western Empire and recover former territories; East Goths and Huns repeatedly attack Balkans.
• Emperor Flavius Leo Iunior (Leo II; 467–474): son of Zeno and Ariadne (Leo I's daughter); ruled January–November 474, with father Zeno as colleague; died of unknown disease 474; rumored maybe poisoned by mother Ariadne for husband Zeno to become Emperor.
• Emperor Flavius Zeno (originally Tarasicodissa or Trascalissaeus; ca. 425 Isauria–491 Constantinople): magister militum; ruled 474–475 and 476–491.
• Emperor Flavius Basiliscus (???–476/477 Cappadocia): Miaphysite; led failed invasion of Vandal Africa 468; ruled 475–476, took power after Emperor Zeno fled Constantinople revolt; supported Miaphysite christology, opposed widely accepted Chalcedonian christology; appointed loyal men to key positions, antagonized many important figures in imperial court; Zeno returned almost unopposed, captured and killed Basiliscus and his family 476/477.
• Flavius Anastasius (or Anastasius I; c. 430 Dyrrhachium–518 Constantinople): Miaphysite; palace official (silentiarius); made Emperor 491 by Zeno's widow Ariadne, who married him soon afterwards; ruled 491–518; won Isaurian War 492-496 against supporters of Longinus of Cardala, Zeno's brother; coinage reform 498; impasse in Sassanid War with Persians 502-505; Slavs and Bulgarians invaded Balkans.
• Empress Aelia Eudoxia (c. 380–404):
• Empress Aelia Pulcheria (399–453):
• Empress Eudocia Augusta (c. 401–460):
Alans (or Alani) (Iranian nomadic tribe)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alans
Alamanni: (West Germanic tribal alliance)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alamanni
Burgundians: (East Germanic tribe)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burgundians
• Gjúki (also Gebicca, Gifica, Gibica, Gebicar, Gibicho, or Gippich) (3??– 406/7): king of the Burgundians (3??– 406/7)
• Gundomar I (also Gundimar, Godomar, or Godemar) ():king of Burgundy 406/7–411
• Giselher (??? –before 436): king of Burgundy 411–???
• Gunther (??? –437?): semi-legendary king of Burgundy ??? –437?
• Gondioc (???-473): king of Burgundy 437?–473
• Gundobad (???–516 peaceful): Patrician of Western Empire 472-473, king of the Burgundians 473-516; died peacefully
Franks: (West Germanic tribal confederation)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franks
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ripuarian_Franks
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salian_Franks
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Frankish_bishops
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Frankish_kings
• Chlodio (395-448): Merovingian king of Salian Franks 428–448; defeated at Vicus Helena by Flavius Aëtius/Romans and allies
• Merovech (Merovius; ???-4??): legendary Merovingian king of Salian Franks 448–457/458?
• Childeric I (c. 440–c. 481): Merovingian king of Salian Franks 457/458–c. 481
• Clovis I (c. 466–511) King of united Franks c. 481–511, converted Franks to Catholicism
Gallo-Romans
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gallo-Roman_culture
Gepids (East Germanic Gothic tribe)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gepids
Heruli: (Germanic nomads)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heruli
• Odoacer (or Odovacar; 435–493 Ravenna, Italy): Scirian-Germanic, Arian; foederati band leader 470, magister militum and patrician 475; executed Flavius Orestes, forced Romulus Augustus to abdicate 476; proclaimed "King of Italy" by Germanic foederati (Scirians and Heruli) and much of Italic Roman army 476; renounced meaningless Emperor title; ruled Kingdom of Italy 476–493; retained Roman administration, senate, law and tax system of Italy; took Sicily from Vandals 476–477, Dalmatia from Julius Nepos by 480; fought Zeno backed Theodoric/Ostrogoths 488–493; signed treaty with Theodoric to share rule of Italy 493; in treaty banquet, after making toast, Theodoric killed Odoacer with his own hands.
Huns
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huns
Lombards (Langobardi):
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Langobards
Ostrogoths: (Goth [East Germanic tribe] branch)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ostrogoths
• Videmir (???–???): Amal king of the Ostrogoths (???–???)
• Theodemir (???–454?): Arian, Amal king of the Ostrogoths (???–454?)
• Theodoric the Great (454–526): Arian, Amal king of the Ostrogoths 471-526, consul 484, ruled Italy 493–526, regent of the Visigoths 511–526
Romano-British
• Riothamus (???–???): Romano-British military leader, active c. 470, maybe “Ambrosius Aurelianus,” possible "King Arthur"
• Ambrosius Aurelianus (???–???): ruled 479–???, maybe “Riothamus,” possible "King Arthur"
Suebi: (Germanic people)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suebi
Vandals: (East Germanic tribe)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vandals
• Godigisel (359–406): King of the Hasdingi Vandals
• Gunderic (379–428): King of the Hasdingi-Silingi Vandals and Alans 407-428
• Genseric (or Gaiseric, Geiseric) (c. 389 Lake Balaton, Hungary– 477 Carthage, Tunisia): King of the Vandals and Alans 428–477
• Huneric (or Honeric) (???–484): King of the Vandals and Alans 477–484
• Gunthamund (c. 450–496): King of the Vandals and Alans 484–496
• Thrasamund (450–523), King of the Vandals and Alans 496–523
Visigoths: (Goth [East Germanic tribe] branch)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visigoths
• Alaric I (c. 370 Peuce island, Danube mouth, Dobruja, Romania–410 illness Cosenza, Calabria): King of the Visigoths 395–410, sacked Rome 410
• Ataulf (???–415 murdered Barcelona, Spain): King of the Visigoths 410–415
• Sigeric (???–415 murdered Barcelona, Spain): King of the Visigoths (only seven days) 415
• Wallia (or Valia) (???–418): King of the Visigoths 415–418
• Theodoric I (???–451 Battle of Chalons, Troyes, France): King of the Visigoths 418–451
• Thorismund (or Torismond) (???–453 murdered): King of the Visigoths 451–453
• Theodoric II (???–466 murdered): King of the Visigoths 453–466
• Euric (c. 415–484): King of the Visigoths 466–484
• Alaric II (???–507 Battle of Vouillé, Poitiers, France): King of the Visigoths 484–507
AMDG
Wm. / *r
Wm. / *r
