[split] Phalanx warfare: use of the spear

[Paullus Scipio]

I saw this on youtube, two HEMA reenactors sparring with round shields (parma) and spears, one using overhand, the other underhand.

Overarm spear & shield vs underarm - HEMA - Part 1

There are probably too many variables to draw too many conclusions from this one duelling example, in which overhand definitely appears to have the upper hand.

I venture to suggest that an army fighting 'en masse', such as a phalanx cannot dodge about as the duellists do - one must hold one's place in the line and not leave it. Because of this, and the dangers to men in successive ranks from underhand, overhand has very distinct advantages - as I can vouch from personal re-enactment experience. I won't even mention the 'couched' position, the worst of any!!