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Tactics: Rallying the Legions Ancient References
#1
Here is what I was able to find. Anyone have any other references to add? I would suppose there existed both standard and horn signals and perhaps a command(s) that were used.

Cicero. Philippics (English) [ Cic. Phil. speech 5 chapter 11 section 29 ]
"a standard around which to rally"

. Julius Caesar. Civil War (English) [ Caes. Civ. book 3 chapter 54 ]

them to abandon both sides of the works. Marcellinus hearing of this disorder, detached some cohorts to sustain the flying troops: but as the rout was become general, they could neither persuade them to rally, nor were able themselves to withstand the enemy's charge. The like happened to a second detachment; insomuch that the several supplies sent, by catching the general terror, served only to add to the confusion and danger; for the multitude of runaways rendered the retreat the more difficult.

7. Julius Caesar. Civil War (English) [ Caes. Civ. book 3 chapter 57 ]

Pompey advancing against them, and their own men flyng; fearing to be entangled in the defiles, as they had the enemy upon them, both within and without the camp, retreated the same way they came. Nothing was to be seen but consternation, flying, and disorder: insomuch that all Caesar's efforts to rally his troops were fruitless. If he seized any by the arm, they struggled till they got away. If he laid hold of the colours, they left them in his hands. Not a man could be prevailed on to face about.

Livy. ab Urbe Condita (English) [ Liv. book 2 chapter 59 ]

No one thought of anything but flight. They made their way over heaps of bodies and arms in such wild haste that the enemy gave up the pursuit before the Romans abandoned their flight. At last, after the consul had vainly endeavoured to follow up and rally his men, the scattered troops were gradually got together again, and he fixed his camp on territory undisturbed by war.

Livy. ab Urbe Condita (English) [ Liv. book 7 chapter 37 ]

not to touch the booty till he returned. He went forward with his men in open column and sent the cavalry to round up the scattered Samnites, like so much game, and drive them against his army. There was an immense slaughter, for they were too much terrified to think under what standard to rally or whether to make for their camp or flee further afield. Their fears drove them into such a hasty flight that as many as 40,000 shields— far more than the number of the slain—and military standards, including those captured in the storming of the camp, to the number of 170 were

12. Livy. ab Urbe Condita (English) [ Liv. book 9 chapter 37 ]

in line and fell upon the enemy, who were lying about in all directions. Some were killed before they could stir, others only half awake as they lay, most of them whilst wildly endeavouring to seize their arms. Only a few had time to arm themselves, and these, with no standards under which to rally, no officers to lead them, were routed and fled, the Romans following in hot pursuit. Some sought their camp, others the forest.
John Kaler MSG, USA Retired
Member Legio V (Tenn, USA)
Staff Member Ludus Militus https://www.facebook.com/groups/671041919589478/
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#2
Ammianus has a few passages about rallying a legion I think.
http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Ro.../home.html
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