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Centurion helmet from Sisak, Croatia
These rosettes are very suitable and for Weisenau type helmet found in the Sava river near the village of Klakar 1st century AD.The resemblance which I achieved on this concentric rosette  is very good.I made rings and brackets for the centurion crest with bigger size.
I tried to do the slope of the scratches-bars on the forehead brass strip with an appropriate slope. I Install and "cups" for the red enamel on all concentric rosettes (by the archeology). In the scientific publications describes it that the band on the brow was made from silver.


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Radostin Kolchev
(Adlocutio Cohortium)
http://legio-iiii-scythica.com/index.php/en/
Reply
As described in scientific publications from Mr.Radman the entire helmet is covered with punched decoration.The depicted motifs are mostly floral, wreaths, vine shoots and “S” forms motifs so familiar from the scutum by fresco of Orange.
Due to the strong corrosion of the helmet almost 80% of the punched “points” decoration scheme is unknown. I had to interpret to recreate part of the decoration ,of course I followed the visible lines on which I managed to made drawings and scheme during my visit in the Archaeological Museum of Zagrveb.
Once I reflect on what I saw and what I read my conclusion are that these hammering small holes with a sharp object (nail), are not made of a master but rather are hammering by centurion himself in the long winter and snowy days when they had a lot of free time. It is possible that some of his subordinate have been entrusted with this "creative task" to decorate his helmet with a sharp object. These points are not a complicated task and do not require any special artistic skills. The only thing needed is a lot of time. To me personally hammering of these thousands of holes it took me 20 days work. This is a slow and frustrating process.
A few more details of the technical process.Partially disassembled base model ,so I can replace parts with some more correctly made one.


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Radostin Kolchev
(Adlocutio Cohortium)
http://legio-iiii-scythica.com/index.php/en/
Reply
Citation (Archaeological Museum,
zagreb; photo courtesy
Prof Radman-Livaja)
 
„It was restored several times already in the Roman
period since it was successively covered with three
decorative metal sheets. The first was silvered with
a punched vegetal
decoration, the second layer was
of gilded silver
while the last was again a silver
sheet with a punched decoration. In all likelihood
this helmet was reconstructed and redecorated on
three different
occasions by its owner or even several
owners. This would point to a rather long period
of use for this helmet…”
  Transformation of this Centurio helmet from Sisak.
As it is described from Mr.Radman, that this Gallic helmet type F (similar to this Nijmegen model ) has undergone transformation from a simple basic type F helmet to a richly decorated  centurion helmet. This was perhaps happened in three (or more) stages as these improvements have cost quite denarius (roman silver coins ) to his owners. But this was not a big problem given the high (compared with ordinary legionnaire) salary (and the various benefits)of the centurion.


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Radostin Kolchev
(Adlocutio Cohortium)
http://legio-iiii-scythica.com/index.php/en/
Reply
Often the well decorated and silver plated helmets used in reenactment are  transcribed as a parade one. But in this model things are in different way .This is a helmet that has been repeatedly used by perhaps a few field centurions and was most likely lost during military actions in forcing the Kupa  river in the time of the Pannonian uprising war.
“Despite being numerous,
the finds from Sisak are perhaps the least likely to
be connected with any certainty to the Pannonian
revolt from 6 to 9 AD. It is not due to chronological
issues because we believe that all of them might
have been in use during the Pannonian
revolt. It
should also be pointed out that we did not mention
many finds from Siscia whose dating is more uncertain
or very broad, like spears, javelins, arrows, lead
shots, fragments of chain and scale armour, harness
equipment pieces, etc., although
they could have
been used during the Pannonian
war as well. The
problem with finds from Siscia, or we should better
say the difficulty of connecting
finds from Siscia to
the Pannonian revolt lies in the fact that this place
was an important military garrison from 35 BC till
at least 43 AD when the 9th legion left for Britain.  “
citation (Archaeological Museum,
zagreb; photo courtesy
Prof Radman-Livaja)
I install and cups for the red enamel on all concentric rosettes as in the archeology.Hammering of thousands of these holes took me 20 days work. It is a slow and keyed process Smile. In front of me were constantly the photos I had done and I tried to imitate the work of the ancient warrior. Next is polishing and cleaning of the helmet and prepare for galvanized first with tin and then with pure silver 1000 sample. According to me cups of concentric rosettes were filled with red enamel, so I also tried to reconstruct and this detail.


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Radostin Kolchev
(Adlocutio Cohortium)
http://legio-iiii-scythica.com/index.php/en/
Reply
It is logical that there was legionnaire which have money ,no matter if it gained from gambling or looted trophy  (salaries of the legionnaires were small for such luxury Smile to order to a local craftsman who works in the nearest town or to the blacksmith workshop from outside of the castrum to improve its basic legionnaires equipment.No matter if it's helmet ,gladius or pugio.
Very similar model showing the helmet  in the early stage of its transformation.

Good occasion is with this publication of this helmet to celebrate 2010 years anniversary of Illyrian Revolt .Erupted on 6 AD by which this helmet are connected.Often the well decorated and silver plated helmets used in reenactment are  transcribed as a parade one. But in this model things are in different way .This is a helmet that has been repeatedly used by perhaps a few field centurions and was most likely lost during military actions in forcing the Kupa  river in the time of the Pannonian uprising war.

“Despite being numerous,
the finds from Sisak are perhaps the least likely to
be connected with any certainty to the Pannonian
revolt from 6 to 9 AD. It is not due to chronological
issues because we believe that all of them might
have been in use during the Pannonian
revolt. It
should also be pointed out that we did not mention
many finds from Siscia whose dating is more uncertain
or very broad, like spears, javelins, arrows, lead
shots, fragments of chain and scale armour, harness
equipment pieces, etc., although
they could have
been used during the Pannonian
war as well. The
problem with finds from Siscia, or we should better
say the difficulty of connecting
finds from Siscia to
the Pannonian revolt lies in the fact that this place
was an important military garrison from 35 BC till
at least 43 AD when the 9th legion left for Britain.  “

citation (Archaeological Museum,
zagreb; photo courtesy
Prof Radman-Livaja)


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Radostin Kolchev
(Adlocutio Cohortium)
http://legio-iiii-scythica.com/index.php/en/
Reply
Publication in our website on my creative project Centurio helmet from Sisak .
http://legio-iiii-scythica.com/index.php...brica.html
Radostin Kolchev
(Adlocutio Cohortium)
http://legio-iiii-scythica.com/index.php/en/
Reply
Long time I delayed improvements of my new centurion crest. After I did some research on the scant  information regarding of archeology on preserved centurion crests. I did my version of Vindolanda crest of a centurion helmet.
 The only one crest of a centurion’s helmet that has survived until our days was found in the Vindolanda site and is currently exhibited in the Roman Army Museum. As far as I know the original hair was made from some sort of British moss!
https://wormwoodscrubs.wordpress.com/2014/08/
The pictures in internet are very limited.This is the only information from which can be imitate the topography of the crest (with which I'm available ). This hair is marsh grass of some sort but typical of Vindolanda that (most likely) have been used for this purpose in the antiquity in Roman Britain for crest hair .
The relief here is quite different to be recreated  .
After many tests and experiments my centurion Vindolanda model crest is ready! Unfortunately the information which I have is very limited. Although I searched in Internet and wrote a request (to knowledgeable people) I came across very few sources.


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Radostin Kolchev
(Adlocutio Cohortium)
http://legio-iiii-scythica.com/index.php/en/
Reply
Beautiful work Rado Smile  on crest and helmet.
Regards Brennivs Big Grin
Woe Ye The Vanquished
                     Brennvs 390 BC
When you have all this why do you envy our mud huts
                     Caratacvs
Centvrio Princeps Brennivs COH I Dacorivm (Roma Antiqvia)
Reply
Thanks for your feedback Brennivs.I offer it as an option for production to Mr.Gagan from Deepeeka but he replied that they had no interest in improving their crests.. Whatever..Here it is mounted on my creative project restoration of Centurio helmet from Sisak Exposed in Archeological Museum Zagreb, Croatia and a few shots in action from Switzerland Augusta Raurica festival  2016  Smile.


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Radostin Kolchev
(Adlocutio Cohortium)
http://legio-iiii-scythica.com/index.php/en/
Reply
WOW now it looks even more impressive  Smile great bit of research to come to the final finished piece, I take my Cassis off to you Cool
Regards Brennivs Big Grin
Woe Ye The Vanquished
                     Brennvs 390 BC
When you have all this why do you envy our mud huts
                     Caratacvs
Centvrio Princeps Brennivs COH I Dacorivm (Roma Antiqvia)
Reply
I made a separate publication in our club website on my creative project  Vindolanda crest of a centurion’s helmet.
http://legio-iiii-scythica.com/index.php...brica.html
Radostin Kolchev
(Adlocutio Cohortium)
http://legio-iiii-scythica.com/index.php/en/
Reply


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