***edited***
Data from Rome to Sumer is re used in many books, William Shepherd recent works for instance. Stephen Krentz otoh in a recent book cites research which shows that a Persian bow could generate maximum kinetic energy of 50 joules, which puts it on a par with the English longbow. At a range of 40 metres or less this would be sufficient for an arrow to pierce a hoplite shield, which was found to require energy on impact of 25-35 joules. Different test that contradicts Gabriels data sets.
Your error (***edited***) is in not understanding that the work is a general study, not a specific ballistics study, and used data from Orthopaedic Biomechanics, charles Thomas for force levels for example.
Other books, and there are dozens to chose from, by Gabriel are equally useful/informative, Man and Wound in the Ancient World A History of Military Medicine from Sumer to the Fall of Constantinople https://b-ok.cc/book/2517669/a63e04 and The Great Armies of Antiquity https://b-ok.cc/book/12002326/0d8a7f, yes there are examples of things that could be better, but are good enough, ***edited***.
Data from Rome to Sumer is re used in many books, William Shepherd recent works for instance. Stephen Krentz otoh in a recent book cites research which shows that a Persian bow could generate maximum kinetic energy of 50 joules, which puts it on a par with the English longbow. At a range of 40 metres or less this would be sufficient for an arrow to pierce a hoplite shield, which was found to require energy on impact of 25-35 joules. Different test that contradicts Gabriels data sets.
Your error (***edited***) is in not understanding that the work is a general study, not a specific ballistics study, and used data from Orthopaedic Biomechanics, charles Thomas for force levels for example.
Other books, and there are dozens to chose from, by Gabriel are equally useful/informative, Man and Wound in the Ancient World A History of Military Medicine from Sumer to the Fall of Constantinople https://b-ok.cc/book/2517669/a63e04 and The Great Armies of Antiquity https://b-ok.cc/book/12002326/0d8a7f, yes there are examples of things that could be better, but are good enough, ***edited***.
