07-04-2015, 12:05 PM
The Late Roman army did employ what we would class as 'mercenaries', not classes as auxiliaries. This happened during the reign of Constantine the Great in his civil wars against Maxentius and Licinius where both Constantine and his opponents hired Goth's, Frank's and Alamanni mercenaries. During Constantius II's civil war with Magnentius Constantine hired Goth's and Magnentius hired Frank's & Burgundians. Procopius hired Goth's when he tried to usurp Valens, Valentinian had a Alamannic King and his tribe assist him as well as Burgundians. Valens was hiring Goth's before Adrianople. I'm not sure how punishments would have been meted out as those troops were under the command of tribal leaders.
Adrian Coombs-Hoar